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Types of Anxiety Disorder Medication Medicines are a great option to manage anxiety symptoms. Psychologists have extensive experience in the use of medication and are able to write the right prescriptions to minimize the adverse effects. Typical anxiety disorder treatment is three-pronged and consists of therapy, exercise and medication. SSRIs are the first-choice medications to treat anxiety, however they can take up to a week for them to work. SSRIs The majority of anxiety disorder s are treated with SSRIs. The more recent SSRIs are less likely to cause adverse effects than tricyclics older than tricyclics as well as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or tricyclic antidepressants. Several SSRIs are FDA-approved for treating generalized anxiety disorder, including fluoxetine (aka Prozac), paroxetine (aka Paxil) sertraline (aka Zoloft), and citalopram (aka Celexa). These medications boost serotonin levels in the brain. They may aid in increasing norepinephrine levels and BDNF. They are able to be employed in combination with psychotherapy or on their own. SSRIs can have side effects, like nausea and digestive issues, but these usually improve as the body becomes used to the medication. The exact mechanism by which SSRIs help with anxiety isn't fully understood. However it is believed they block the reuptake of serotonin from the post-synaptic neurons and increase the concentration of serotonin within the synaptic gap. This increases the signaling across the synapses, which reduces anxiety symptoms. SSRIs can help reduce anxiety and increase the frequency of panic attacks. They can also be used to treat depression as well as other mental illnesses that are frequently associated with anxiety disorders. They can be used with cognitive behavior therapy or psychotherapy to increase their effectiveness. SSRIs are not addictive, unlike some other antidepressants. It is nevertheless important to follow the prescriptions of your doctor. If you suddenly stop taking your medication, it can result in “discontinuation” syndrome and anxiety symptoms to return. If SSRIs are not working for you, your doctor may try a different antidepressant class, like nefazodone or mirtazapine. These medications are also effective, but have more risk of having adverse reactions than the more recent SSRIs. SSRIs may interact with certain foods such as dairy products and eggs, red meat, and some fruits and veggies. It is recommended to stay clear of these foods if taking these medications. It is also generally recommended that you avoid drinking alcohol when you are taking SSRIs since it may cause some adverse effects. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines enhance the calming effects of certain chemicals in the nervous system and brain. They enhance the effects of the neurotransmitter, gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) which is a substance which inhibits nerve activity. These drugs can be effective in treating insomnia, anxiety and other mental disorders. However they can also be addictive and should only be used for short durations of time under medical supervision. They can be harmful when used for recreational purposes, or combined with alcohol and other substances. It is not uncommon for medications to be the first thing people look for when they suffer from an anxiety disorder, but they're not the only treatment option. Talk therapy or psychotherapy is also proven to be an effective method to decrease anxiety symptoms. There are many psychotherapies that can aid, but the most popular and effective one is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). This type of psychotherapy teaches you how to alter your thinking and behavior so that you don't feel anxious as often. The most commonly used benzodiazepines are alprazolam (Xanax) and chlordiazepoxide (Librium) diazepam (Valium) Clorazepate (Tranxene), lorazepam (Ativan), and Quazepam (Dalmane). They all share the same chemical properties, however each has its own distinct side effect characteristic. Clorazepate, for example is more effective in treating seizures compared to other benzodiazepines. Lorazepam, on other hand, is better in treating anxiety disorders when than quazepam. Benzodiazepines are very effective but they are not recommended for long-term use because they can cause tolerance and physical dependence. They can also cause withdrawal symptoms, like a heart pounding as well as sweating and shaking if you abruptly stop taking them. Symptoms can be very unpleasant and can last for a long time, but they can be reduced by gradually reducing the medication. Benzodiazepines can be very addictive and should be used only for a brief period of time – usually no more than 4 weeks. During this period, you'll have to be vigilant about your heart rate and blood pressure to ensure you don't suffer a severe withdrawal reaction. Consult your physician when you're considering taking using a drug called benzodiazepine. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers are employed to treat anxiety-related issues. These medications block adrenaline from binding to beta receptors in your nervous system, which prevents the hormone from triggering physical responses like heart tremors and heart palpitations. These drugs are commonly used to treat high blood pressure and other conditions of the cardiovascular system, but they can also be prescribed off-label in the case of anxiety. When you feel anxious your body releases a chemical called Adrenaline. This chemical signals the body to prepare itself for fight or flight. Adrenaline binds with beta receptors in the brain and the heart which causes your heart rate to increase and may cause other physical reactions. Beta-blockers, which are an class of drugs that is used to treat hypertension and other heart conditions they work by preventing the action of adrenaline on its binding which reduces the heart rate and blood pressure. Beta-blockers can be used quickly, in contrast to SSRIs or benzodiazepines that require weeks or even months to show improvement in symptoms. They are a great choice for those who require immediate relief from anxiety-related symptoms. For example, those who are required to deliver an address in public or travel in a plane. Additionally, they are a good choice for people who suffer from anxiety as well as a chronic heart issue like atherosclerosis or congestive heart failure. Although beta-blockers are effective in alleviating physical symptoms of anxiety, they do not tackle the root cause of the disorder. As a result, they are usually only prescribed as a part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes counseling and lifestyle changes. However, they are a useful option for people who have tried other anti-anxiety drugs and do not find them to be effective or to have intolerable side effects. Propranolol, atenolol, as well as other beta-blockers are available. Your doctor will decide which one is right for you according to your medical history and overall health. Taking these medications can have side effects, such as low blood pressure or fatigue and fatigue, so it is crucial to discuss your treatment options with your physician. MAOIs Monoamine Oxase inhibitors (MAOIs), developed in the 1950s as an antidepressant, are effective for a variety of anxiety and depression disorders. They aren't as frequently employed as SSRIs and other antidepressants due the strict dietary restrictions that are required and the potential for interactions with other drugs. Certain MAOIs are available in tablet form and can be taken orally, while others (such Emsam) are applied as a transdermal patch for skin. MAOIs inhibit the action of MAO, thereby increasing the amount of serotonin as well as norepinephrine in the brain. These neurotransmitters are involved in sleep, mood, appetite, and sexual function. MAOIs also have anti-anxiety properties. However they are more likely to cause adverse effects than TCAs and SSRIs and carry warnings in boxes for suicide. In addition to the MAOIs listed below, your doctor might prescribe other medications or treatments that can help manage your symptoms. For example, a beta-blocker (such as propranolol) is frequently prescribed to ease the physical symptoms of anxiety. Your doctor may recommend relaxation techniques or other treatments at home to ease your symptoms. The original MAOI, Iproniazid, was discovered during research into tuberculosis in 1952. It was soon discovered to be a mood-enhancing drug and is considered to be the first antidepressant drug. MAOIs should only be taken when other antidepressants have failed as they can trigger serious side-effects that require immediate medical attention. It can cause a dangerous reaction that can result in high blood pressure when you take an MAOI while eating foods that contain tyramine. Tyramine is found in a variety of red meats and cheeses as well as in shellfish, fish and a few dietary supplements. The symptoms of this reaction include a throbbing headache, nausea vomiting, as well as a fast heart rate. MAOIs can also interact other medications and cause extreme side effects, such as suicidal thoughts, behaviors, and even suicidal thoughts. Your doctor will discuss your dietary needs with you prior to prescribing MAOIs. They will instruct you to avoid eating any foods that contain tyramine while you take the medication. He or she may also give you a list of food that are safe to consume when taking MAOIs. This food guide can help stay clear of MAOI-related side effects.